FBiO: The silent pillar of the new security architecture

In discussions about SAFE – both political and media-related – it is easy to overlook the fact that other financial instruments operate in parallel. One of these is the Security and Defence Fund (FBiO), established as part of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan.

FBiO is not a concept, but a component of the new architecture of national resilience – designed to enable the rapid launch of investments in areas critical to security. The scope of support covers, in particular, the development of dual-use infrastructure and technology, investment in the protection of critical infrastructure – such as the energy sector, shelters and medical facilities – the development of communications services (including satellite services), and funding for the production capabilities of Polish enterprises, including the modernisation of firms in the military and security sectors.

In early January 2026, the Act of 4 December 2025 on specific rules for the implementation of tasks relating to security and defence investment carried out under the National Plan for Reconstruction and Resilience (Journal of Laws 2025, item 1846) came into force; this Act sets out the legal basis for the FBiO’s activities, as well as defining the fund’s objectives, its organisational structure and its operating mechanism.

The implementation of the fund itself has been entrusted to a special purpose vehicle (SPV), which is to act as the entity responsible for carrying out projects and distributing support. This company is wholly owned by Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego, which – in line with the legislator’s intention – is intended to facilitate more efficient decision-making and a more ‘investment-oriented’ approach to project financing.